Citalopram is a prescription medication classified as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It’s primarily used to treat depression and sometimes prescribed for other mood disorders like panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Here’s an overview of citalopram tablets, including their uses, side effects, and warnings:

Uses:

1. Depression: Citalopram is FDA-approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and thoughts of death or suicide.
2. Anxiety Disorders: While citalopram is primarily used to treat depression, it may also be prescribed off-label for anxiety disorders such as panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety disorder, and GAD. It can help alleviate symptoms such as excessive worry, panic attacks, intrusive thoughts, and avoidance behaviors.

Dosage:

Citalopram tablets are available in various strengths, typically ranging from 10 mg to 40 mg. The usual starting dose for adults is 20 mg per day, taken orally once daily. Your healthcare provider may adjust the dosage based on your response to the medication and individual factors such as age, weight, and medical history.

Side Effects:

1. Common Side Effects: Some common side effects of citalopram may include:
   • Nausea
   • Dry mouth
   • Fatigue or drowsiness
   • Headache
   • Insomnia or sleep disturbances
   • Increased sweating
   • Sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or difficulty achieving orgasm
2. Serious Side Effects: While less common, citalopram can sometimes cause more severe side effects that require medical attention. These may include:
   • Suicidal thoughts or behavior, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults
   • Serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by agitation, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, fever, excessive sweating, tremors, and muscle rigidity
   • Withdrawal symptoms if the medication is stopped abruptly, such as dizziness, nausea, headache, irritability, and flu-like symptoms
   • QT prolongation, a heart rhythm disorder that can lead to fainting, dizziness, or sudden death

Warnings:

1. Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: Antidepressant medications, including citalopram, may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential, especially when starting or changing the dosage of citalopram.
2. Serotonin Syndrome: Citalopram can increase serotonin levels in the brain, and when combined with other medications that affect serotonin, it may lead to serotonin syndrome. This risk is higher when taking other antidepressants, migraine medications, or certain illicit drugs. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.
3. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Citalopram may pose risks to the fetus if used during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. It can also pass into breast milk and may cause adverse effects in nursing infants. The decision to use citalopram during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, weighing the potential risks and benefits.
4. Liver or Kidney Impairment: Citalopram should be used with caution in individuals with liver or kidney impairment, as dosage adjustments may be necessary to prevent accumulation of the medication.

It’s essential to take citalopram exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider and to follow any dosage adjustments or discontinuation protocols provided. If you experience any concerning side effects or symptoms while taking citalopram, be sure to contact your healthcare provider for guidance.